Cyclic stress–strain behaviour of carbon black – silica – styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites has been studied at room temperature. It was found that, the hysteresis in SBR – carbon black composites is more pronounced than in SBR – silica composites and the elastic recovery (ER) was found to be dependent on the filler type and content. The obtained stress – strain data for the tested samples were fitted in view of the molecular statistical model of rubber elasticity, taking into account the generalized non-Gaussian tube model of finite network extensibility with a topological constraint contribution and the damage model of stress-induced filler cluster breakdown. The experimental results were confirmed by using electron micrographs to show the filler clusters.